Lisele tsa letsatsi tse tšesaane haholo?

Lisele tsa letsatsi tse tšesaane haholo?

Lisele tsa letsatsi tse tšesaane haholo li ntlafalitsoe: Metsoako ea 2D perovskite e na le lisebelisoa tse loketseng ho phephetsa lihlahisoa tse ngata.

Baenjiniere ba Rice University ba fihletse litekanyetso tse ncha tsa ho theha lisele tse tšesaane tsa letsatsi tse entsoeng ka semiconductor perovskites, ho eketsa bokhoni ba tsona ha li ntse li boloka bokhoni ba tsona ba ho mamella tikoloho.

Aditya Mohite laboratori ea Rice University's George R Brown School of Engineering e fumane hore khanya ea letsatsi e fokotsa sebaka pakeng tsa likarolo tsa athomo ka perovskite ea mahlakoreng a mabeli, e lekaneng ho eketsa katleho ea photovoltaic ea thepa ka hoo e ka bang 18%, e leng tsoelo-pele ea khafetsa. . Ho fihletsoe ho tlola ho makatsang tšimong mme ho lekantsoe ka liphesente.

"Ka lilemo tse 10, katleho ea perovskite e nyolohile ho tloha hoo e ka bang 3% ho ea ho feta 25%," ho boletse Mohite. "Li-semiconductors tse ling li tla nka lilemo tse ka bang 60 ho finyella. Ke kahoo re thabileng haholo."

Perovskite ke motsoako o nang le li-cubic lattice 'me ke pokello ea khanya e sebetsang hantle. Bokhoni ba tsona bo ’nile ba tsejoa ka lilemo tse ngata, empa ba na le bothata: Ba ka fetola khanya ea letsatsi hore e be matla, empa khanya ea letsatsi le mongobo li ka li theola.

"Theknoloji ea lisele tsa letsatsi e lebelletsoe ho nka lilemo tse 20 ho isa ho tse 25," ho boletse Mohite, motlatsi oa moprofesa oa boenjiniere ba lik'hemik'hale le biomolecular le mahlale a thepa le nanoengineering. "Re 'nile ra sebetsa ka lilemo tse ngata' me re tsoela pele ho sebelisa li-perovskite tse kholo tse atlehang haholo empa li sa tsitsa haholo. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, li-perovskite tse peli-dimensional li na le botsitso bo babatsehang empa ha li sebetse ka ho lekaneng hore li behoe marulelong.

"Bothata bo boholo ke ho etsa hore ba sebetse hantle ntle le ho senya botsitso."
Baenjiniere ba Rice le basebetsi-'moho le bona ho tsoa Univesithing ea Purdue le Univesithi ea Northwestern, Los Alamos, Argonne le Brookhaven ba Lefapha la Naha la Matla a Letlapa la US, le Institute of Electronics and Digital Technology (INSA) Rennes, Fora, le basebetsi-'moho le bona ba fumane hore li-perovskite tse ling tse peli-dimensional, khanya ea letsatsi e fokotsa ka katleho sebaka pakeng tsa liathomo, e eketsa bokhoni ba bona ba ho jara motlakase oa motlakase.

"Re fumane hore ha u hotetsa thepa, u e petetsa joaloka seponche ebe u bokella lihlopha ho matlafatsa phetisetso ea tefiso ka tsela eo," ho boletse Mocht. Bafuputsi ba fumane hore ho beha lera la li-cations tsa organic pakeng tsa iodide ka holimo le lead e ka tlase ho ka ntlafatsa tšebelisano lipakeng tsa likarolo.

"Mosebetsi ona ke oa bohlokoa haholo thutong ea linaha tse thabileng le li-quasiparticles, moo karolo e le 'ngoe ea tefiso e ntle e leng ka lehlakoreng le leng,' me tefiso e mpe e ka lehlakoreng le leng, 'me ba ka buisana," ho boletse Mocht. "Tsena li bitsoa excitons, 'me li ka ba le thepa e ikhethang.

"Phello ena e re lumella ho utloisisa le ho lokisa litšebelisano tsena tsa mantlha tsa leseli ntle le ho theha li-heterostructures tse rarahaneng joalo ka stacked 2D transition metal dichalcogenides," o boletse joalo.

Basebetsi-'moho le bona ba Fora ba netefalitse teko ea mofuta oa khomphutha. Jacky Even, Moprofesa oa Fisiks ho INSA, o itse: "Phuputso ena e fana ka monyetla o ikhethang oa ho kopanya theknoloji e tsoetseng pele ka ho fetisisa ea ab initio simulation, lipatlisiso tsa thepa e sebelisang lisebelisoa tse kholo tsa naha ea synchrotron, le in-situ characterization ea lisele tsa letsatsi tse sebetsang. Kopanya. ." "Pampiri ena e hlalosa ka lekhetlo la pele kamoo ketsahalo ea seepage ka tšohanyetso e lokollang motlakase oa ho tjhaja ka thepa ea perovskite."

Liphetho ka bobeli li bontša hore ka mor'a metsotso ea 10 ea ho pepesehela simulator ea letsatsi ka matla a letsatsi, perovskite ea mahlakore a mabeli e fokotseha ka 0.4% ka bolelele ba eona le hoo e ka bang 1% ho tloha holimo ho ea tlaase. Ba pakile hore phello e ka bonoa nakong ea motsotso o le mong tlas'a matla a mahlano a letsatsi.

"Ha e utloahale e le ngata, empa ho fokotseha ha 1% ea sebaka sa marang-rang ho tla baka keketseho e kholo ea phallo ea elektronike," ho boletse Li Wenbin, seithuti se fumaneng mangolo Rice le sengoli-'moho le eena. "Lipatlisiso tsa rona li bontša hore tsamaiso ea elektronike ea thepa e eketsehile ka makhetlo a mararo."

Ka nako e ts'oanang, sebopeho sa lesela la kristale se etsa hore thepa e se ke ea senyeha, leha e futhumatsoa ho likhato tse 80 tsa Celsius (176 degrees Fahrenheit). Bafuputsi ba boetse ba fumane hore letlapa le khutlela morao ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng hang ha mabone a tima.

"E 'ngoe ea lintho tse khahlang haholo tsa 2D perovskites ke hore hangata li na le liathomo tsa manyolo tse sebetsang e le litšitiso tsa mongobo, li tsitsitse ka mocheso,' me li rarolla mathata a ho falla ha ion," ho boletse seithuti se fumaneng mangolo le sengoli-'moho le eena Siraj Sidhik. "3D perovskites e na le tšekamelo ea ho se tsitse ha mocheso le khanya, kahoo bafuputsi ba ile ba qala ho beha likarolo tsa 2D holim'a li-perovskites tse kholo ho bona hore na ba ka li sebelisa ka ho fetisisa.

"Re nahana, ha re fetoheng ho 2D 'me re e sebetse hantle," o boletse joalo.

Ho shebella ho fokotseha ha thepa, sehlopha se sebelisitse lisebelisoa tse peli tsa basebetsi ba Ofisi ea Saense ea Lefapha la Matla la US (DOE): National Synchrotron Light Source II ea Brookhaven National Laboratory ea Lefapha la Matla la US le Advanced State Laboratory ea. Lefapha la Matla la US la Argonne National Laboratory. Mohloli oa Photon (APS) Laboratori.

Setsebi sa fisiks sa Argonne Joe Strzalka, sengoli-'moho le pampiri, o sebelisa X-ray e khanyang haholo ea APS ho hapa liphetoho tse nyane tsa thepa ka nako ea nnete. Sesebelisoa se hlokolosi ho 8-ID-E ea mola oa marang-rang oa APS se lumella lithuto tsa "ts'ebetso", ho bolelang hore lithuto tse entsoeng ha lisebelisoa li ba le liphetoho tse laoloang mochesong kapa tikolohong tlasa maemo a tloaelehileng a ts'ebetso. Tabeng ena, Strzalka le basebetsi-'moho le eena ba ile ba pepesa lintho tse etsang hore motho a bone khanya ea letsatsi ka har'a seleng ea letsatsi hore e be khanya ea letsatsi ha thempereichara e sa fetohe 'me ba hlokomela ho honyela ho honyenyane ha boemo ba athomo.

E le teko ea ho laola, Strzalka le bangoli-'moho le eena ba ile ba boloka kamore e le lefifi, ba eketsa mocheso, 'me ba bona phello e fapaneng - ho atolosoa ha thepa. Sena se fana ka maikutlo a hore leseli ka boeona, eseng mocheso oo le o hlahisang, le bakileng phetoho.

"Bakeng sa liphetoho tse joalo, ho bohlokoa ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa ts'ebetso," ho boletse Strzalka. "Joalo ka ha mochini oa hau o batla ho tsamaisa enjene ea hau ho bona se etsahalang ho eona, re batla ho nka video ea phetoho ena, eseng sets'oants'o se le seng. Lisebelisoa tse kang APS li re lumella ho etsa sena."

Strzalka o bontšitse hore APS e ntse e ntlafatsoa haholo ho eketsa khanya ea X-ray ka makhetlo a 500. O ile a re ha e phethoa, mahlaseli a khanyang le lisebelisoa tse hloahloa tse lebelo, tse bohale li tla eketsa bokhoni ba bo-ramahlale ba ho lemoha liphetoho tsena ka kutlo e kholoanyane.

Sena se ka thusa sehlopha sa Rice ho fetola lisebelisoa hore se sebetse hantle. "Re ntse re theha li-cations le li-interfaces ho fihlela katleho e fetang 20%," ho boletse Sidhik. "Sena se tla fetola ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe tšimong ea perovskite hobane joale batho ba tla qala ho sebelisa 2D perovskite bakeng sa 2D perovskite / silicon le 2D / 3D perovskite series, e ka tlisang katleho e haufi le 30%. Sena se tla etsa hore khoebo ea eona e khahlehe."